MYSTERIOUS FACT

Monday, October 29, 2018



Old Faithful – Geyser in Yellowstone National

Park
Yellowstone’s most famous geyser erupt from anywhere in the world!

About Old Faithful
Old Faithful is a cone geyser located in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, United States.was the first geyser in the park to receive a name. Old Faithful was first named in 1870 by the Washburn Expedition. This group of explorers and scientists were amazed by Old Faithful’s height and regularity.It is a highly predictable geothermal feature, and has erupted every 44 to 125 minutes since 2000. It contains 3,472 square miles and measures 63 miles north to south and 54 miles east to west.The park is 96% in Wyoming, 3% in Montana, and 1% in Idaho.

The highest point in the park is 11,358' at Eagle Peak and the lowest point in the park is 5,282' at Reese Creek.

The park has an additional 9 static webcams placed throughout the park including Mammoth Hot Springs, West Yellowstone Entrance, Mount Washburn, and Yellowstone Lake. These static cams refresh roughly every 30 seconds.Yellowstone has more than 1800 archeological sites.


>>>In the early days of the park, Old Faithful was often used as a laundry:
Old Faithful is sometimes degraded by being made a laundry. Garments placed in the crater during quiescence are ejected thoroughly washed when the eruption takes place. Gen. Sheridan's men, in 1882, found that linen and cotton fabrics were uninjured by the action of the water, but woolen clothes were torn to shreds.


Eruptions

More than 1,000,000 eruptions have been  recorded. Harry Woodward first described a mathematical relationship between the duration and intervals of the eruptions in 1938.Old Faithful is not the tallest or largest geyser in the park; those titles belong to the less predictable Steamboat Geyser
Eruptions can shoot 3,700 to 8,400 US gallons (14,000 to 32,000 L) of boiling water to a height of 106 to 185 feet (32 to 56 m) lasting from ​1
1⁄2 to 5 minutes. The average height of an eruption is 145 feet (44 m). Intervals between eruptions can range from 35 to 120 minutes, averaging 66.5 minutes in 1939,slowly increasing to an average of 90 minutes apart today, which may be the result of earthquakes affecting subterranean water levels. The disruptions have made earlier mathematical relationships inaccurate, but have actually made Old Faithful more predictable in terms of its next eruption.


Measurement

Between 1983 and 1994, four probes containing temperature and pressure measurement devices and video equipment were lowered into Old Faithful. The probes were lowered as deep as 72 feet (22 m). Temperature measurements of the water at this depth was 244 °F (118 °C), the same as was measured in 1942. The video probes were lowered to a maximum depth of 42 feet (13 m) to observe the conduit formation and the processes

that took place in the conduit. Some of the processes observed include fog formation from the interaction of cool air from above mixing with


 heated air from below, the recharge processes of water entering into the conduit and expanding from below, and entry ofsuperheated steam measuring as high as 265 °F (129 °C) into the conduit.

When does Old Faithful erupt?

prediction of Old Faithful is dependent upon the duration of the previous eruption. During visitor center hours, geyser statistics and predictions are maintained by the naturalist staff. People speak of the average time between eruptions. This is misleading. The mathematical average between eruptions of Old Faithful is currently 74 minutes, but it doesn't like to act average! Intervals can range from 60-110 minutes.
How high does Old Faithful erupt and how long will it last?
Old Faithful can vary in height from 100-180 feet with an average near 130-140 feet. This has been the historical range of its recorded height. Eruptions normally last between 1.5 to 5 minutes.
I heard Old Faithful isn't as faithful as it used to be. Is it slowing down?It depends on what you call faithful. The famous geyser currently erupts around 20 times a day and can be predicted with a 90 percent confidence rate within a 10 minute variation. Prior to the 1959 earthquake, Old Faithful erupted 21 times per day. That's a significant decrease in activity for geologists tracking each eruption.
How many gallons of water are expelled during an eruption?
It depends on the duration of the eruption. Scientists estimate that the amount ranges from 3,700 gallons (for a short duration of 1.5 minutes) to 8,400 gallons (for a longer duration of 4.5 minutes).
How hot is the water in Old Faithful?
It's hot. During an eruption, the water temperature at the vent has been measured at 204°F (95.6°C). The steam temperature has been measured above 350°F! Stay a safe distance from thermal features and never leave the boardwalk to walk on a geyser's fragile crust.
How can I avoid the crowds at Old Faithful?
Since Yellowstone brings in upwards of 4 million visitors a year, securing a great view of the geyser’s cone can be especially challenging, even though the scalding mist can reach 90 to 120 feet into the air for all to see.
To have a more intimate experience, avoid times from noon until 6 p.m. when bus tours and visitors are expected to arrive.
>>Other attractions include Hebgen Lake, a popular destination for fishermen. Though many come for the fly fishing, Hebgen Lake is also known as one of the best sight fishing lakes in the country. Hundreds of species of birds, fish, mammals, and reptiles call Yellowstone their home and the park boasts vast forests and grasslands containing thousands of species of trees and plants, some very unique.
Fascinating Facts bout Yellowstone National Park
1).It is the world's first national park.
2).Yellowstone is larger than Rhode Island and Delaware combined.
3).Yellowstone has 1000 to 3000 earthquakes annually.
4).There are more than 300 active geysers
5).There are more than 290 waterfalls.
6).Yellowstone is home to 67 species of mammals, 285 species of birds, 16 species of fish, 6 species of reptiles, 5 species of amphibians, and more than 7 aquatic nuisance species.Two threatened species call the park home - Canada lynx and Grizzly bears. Wolverines are a proposed threatened species.
7).Those Tree Are Probably Older than Your Great-Great-Great-Grandparents 80% of the trees foresting the park are lodgepole pines, and these hard specimens can live up to 400 years. Unlike the very large redwoods—a long-living tree found in the Pacific Northwest
8).Yellowstone National Park Is Older Than the States of Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming
9).Yellowstone Includes a Supervolcano
Yellowstone Lake sits on top of the largest supervolcano caldera in North America. It’s also an active volcano, which is evidenced by the fact that half of all the geothermal features in the world are located in Yellowstone .
10). Yellowstone Has Its Own Grand Canyon

If you want to see bison, Yellowstone boasts the largest free-roaming herd of them in the world. You can usually catch a glimpse of them in the Lamar and Hayden valleys, as well as near Pelican Valley, Geyser Basin, and Gibbon Meadows.
In addition to bison, you might also spot a grizzly bear, a black bear, elk, moose, or wolves. Many of these predators are shy and/or nocturnal, so bring a high-power spotting scope and hang around in the right places during dawn and twilight hours.
 Animals found in Yellow National Park



VIDEO SHOWING OLDFAITHFUL
 ERUPTION 

Tuesday, October 23, 2018


THE NEVER ENDING LIGHTINING
STORM

The Most Beautiful Wonders Of Nature

Relámpago del Catatumbo is an atmospheric phenomenon in Venezuela. It occurs only over the mouth of the Catatumbo River where it empties into Lake Maracaibo. On the southwestern side of Venezuela’s massive Lake Maracaibo

The Relámpago del Catatumbo (relámpago means lightning, Catatumbo is a nearby river) is a lightning storm that rages most nights for eight months of every year, and has been flashing for thousands of years. As many as 40,000 lightning bolts illuminate the sky every night at a rate of 18 to 60 bolts per minute. But this disturbance happens high in the troposphere, about three miles up, so the storm raging overhead is eerily silent when viewed from the ground.
It originates from a mass of storm clouds at a height of more than 5 km, and occurs during 140 to 160 nights a year, 10 hours per day and up to 280 times per hour. It occurs over and around Lake Maracaibo, typically over the bog area formed where the Catatumbo River flows into the lake.
The Beacon of Maracaibo is most active at two times of the year: in May (at the beginning of the wet season) and in October (at its end). During the region’s dry season, particularly in January and February, lighting storms are less frequent and have been known to stop altogether.
The original name was rib a-ba or “river of fire”. The name was given by the native people in the region
Historical Record
Although the phenomenon is believed to be far older,
the first written record of the storm was made by Lope de Vega in his 1597 work “The Dragontea.” In the poem, de Vega recounted how the lighting illuminated Sir Francis Drake’s fleet, which was attempting to launch a surprise attack on the town of Maracaibo. Drake was defeated.

The second, probably the biggest one, was during the Venezuelan War of Independence on July 24, 1823. The lightning revealed sneaky Spanish fleet which was trying to get to the shore. This gave the Adm. José Prudencio Padilla enough time to fend off the inv
aders.


Origin
No one really knows why the lightning persists, although theories abound.Even scientist can’t yet be fully explained, the Relámpago del Catatumbo is unique, and holds several global records to prove it.
Scientists explain the phenomenon,And
plenty of theories have attempted an
explanation.
1).Methane
Lake Maracaibo is found within a larger, low elevation basin surrounded by swamps, all of which sit above a massive oil field. Hand-in-glove with oil is methane.Some familiar with the phenomenon think the methane “may increase the conductivity of the air over Catatumbo, allowing lighting to recharge faster and fire more frequently.” hot methane rising from the gaseous bogs of the Catatumbo River mixes with cold, dry air coming down from the Andes Mountains to create perfect storm conditions.

FALIURE OF THEORY:- Although this sounds like a good theory, it has been rejected by at least a few atmospheric scientists. These researchers claim that the concentration of methane in the atmosphere around Catatumbo is too small to produce such an effect, and they point to other areas of the world where methane concentrations are higher, but no lightning has been observed.

2). A mixture of organic compounds found in sedimentary rocks that is highly concentrated in the area due to underground petroleum fields. Kerogen leaking into the atmosphere may contribute to the buildup of methane that sparks storms, some scientists believe.Above Lake Maracaibo had enhanced conductivity because of methane from oilfields below
3).Unique Topography and Climate
More experts are satisfied with the explanation that the proximity of two spines of the Andes Mountains and the wind and moisture from the Caribbean Sea.Weather and humidity may also play a role, as the last time the Relámpago had a significant pause was in 2010 when a powerful El Niño caused massive droughts in much of the country. Others explain this pause by citing the rampant deforestation in the region, which may also affect it in unknown ways.NOAA/CIRA VIIRS]








NOW TIME FOR :-

AMAZING FACT PRO+

1). The world’s top producer of ozone, which is created when atmospheric oxygen (O2) is forced apart by radiation, and the free oxygen molecules eventually join an existing pair to create ozone (O3). But this ozone isn’t the harmful, anthropogenic kind that settles at ground level; it’s the good ozone that populates the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Because the Relámpago produces so much, some environmentalists are calling for it to be named a UNESCO world heritage site.
2).Guinness book of world records In January 2014, Venezuela entered the Guinness Book of World Records for the most lightning strikes per hour .The Guinness Book of World Records says the area has the most lighting strikes per square meter of anywhere in the world.taking the record from the town of Kikika in the Democratic Republic of Congo
3).This storm has 1 million lightning strikes a year.



4). Responsible for Venezuela’s independence.
it's saved the area from attack (by illuminating ships) and helped mariners navigate.the spectacular phenomenon may even be responsible for Venezuela’s independence.
5).The sky above this river never sleeps.Producing 3,600 flashes per hour, for 10 hours at a time,
6).A particular spot on a particular lake attracts 1.2 million lightning bolts a year.



  7).That’s about 28 lighting strikes every minute — enough energy to power 100 million light bulbs.
  8).The most lightning-struck place on earth. This electric spot, where the Catatumbo River empties into Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela’s far northwest, is believed to be the most lightning-struck place on earth.
  9).The lightining is so colourful







VIDEO    Showing threatning lightining at     Relámpago
del Catatumbo 


Thursday, October 18, 2018


A Beach Full of Surprises

Moeraki Boulders

Nature is full of wonderful, mysterious oddities and things that can seem fascinating to the human eye. Although they may look like huge marbles littered on the beach by careless giant kids, the Moeraki Boulders in New Zealand are one of the most fascinating wonders of the natural world. Found along Koekohe Beach near Moeraki, these spherical boulders were formed nearly 58 million years ago. The beach is located approximately 40 kilometers south of Oamaru, in the Otago region of New Zealand.They are scattered all over the beach, and can be seen as clusters or isolated on certain spots.

In some cases ,this is quite natural ,because of the erosion . The small and easy to to transport rocks have been stolen over time often to decorate gartens recent times they have become a popular tourist attraction, often described and pictured in web pages and tourist guides.There are over 50 boulders along Koekohe Beach

COMPOSITION

Detailed anlysis  of the fine – grained rock using optical mineralogy,X –Ray, Crystallography, and Electronic Microprobe has determined that the boulders consist of mud ,fine silt and clay, cemented by calcite.  The degree of cementation varies from being relatively weak in the interior of a boulder to quite hard at its outside rim.the outside rim of the larger boulders consist of as much as 10 to 20 %calcite because the calcite not only tightly cement the silt and clay but has also replaced it to significant degree .the composition of the moraKie boulders and the septaria that they contain are typical of, often virtually identical to,septarian concretion that have been found in exposure of sedimentary rocks in New Zealand. Detailed analysis of the boulders found them to be composed of fine silt, clay, and mud. On the outside rims, the boulders are cemented by calcite. This is the reason that the boulders are quite weak inside and hard around the outside. Other minerals found in the boulders include magnesium and iron along with stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen.

ORIGIN


There are many myths and legends associated with these bizarre rock formations.



1).The Māoris consider these rocks to be eel baskets that were left at the shore after the legendary canoe, Āraiteuru, was shipwrecked.

2). Some suggest that these spherical rocks might have landed on the beach after a volcanic explosion,

3). The Myth of Alien EggsThere are weird theories about these boulders being alien eggs. Apparently the "alien eggs" are sent from outer space and have been washed up on the shore by the ocean. Since some of these boulders have cracked, people believe that some of these eggs might have hatched!

Scientific :


Detailed anlysis  of the fine – grained rock using optical mineralogy,X –Ray, Crystallography, and Electronic Microprobe has determined that the boulders consist of mud ,fine silt and clay, cemented by calcite.  The degree of cementation varies from being relatively weak in the interior of a boulder to quite hard at its outside rim

Facts pro+



1).The Moeraki Boulders are believed to have been formed  nearly 56 million years before. They were exposed nearly 15 million years ago.

2). The biggest boulders weigh 7 tons and measure over 2 metres across.

3). The largest boulders are estimated to have taken about 4million years to gettt to their current size

4). The scientific explanation remains incomplete Their origin is unclear and unexpected locations remain largely unexplained

5).There is one very large Moeraki boulder outside the Otago Museum in Dunedin – it was taken there by truck in the late 1800s; long before laws were changed to give protection to the boulders. It is located outside the old main entrance of the museum on Great King Street. It measures 6 feet (over 182cm) in height and weighs more than 7 tons; making it one of the largest boulders. There are also much smaller Boulders on display inside the Museum

6).Much more than geological curiosity, the Moeraki Boulders are emblematic of New Zealand. This explains the good position in ranking of the country's best places. It is unique in the world and worth the visit



7).The perfection of som boulders remains mysterious…

Even the best scientist explanation doesnot yet reveal everything yet.

How it is possible to explain that the rock are completely spherical,while their base should be compacted?

Is such a perfect spherical form possible after million years under water?



8).The inside of the boulders looks like egg yolk…..

9).Virtually identical spherical boulders ,called Koutu boulders ,are found on the beaches

10). Some rock look like turtle shells….



Tuesday, October 16, 2018


DUSSHERA


Dussehra (Vijaya Dashami, Dasara, or Dashain) is a Hindu festival that celebrates the victory of good over evil. It is a gazetted holiday in India, which is marked on the 10th day of the bright half (Shukla Paksha) of the month of Ashvin (Ashwayuja), according to the Hindu calendar. It is a major Hindu festival celebrated at the end of Navratri every year.  

Many people of the Hindu faith observe Dussehra through special prayer meetings and food offerings to the gods at home or in temples throughout India. They also hold outdoor fairs (melas) and large parades with effigies of Ravana (a mythical king of ancient Sri Lanka). The effigies are burnt on bonfires in the evening. Dussehra is the culmination of the Navaratri festival.

Story behind Dusshera celebration:

Vijayadashami is observed for different reasons and celebrated differently in various parts of the Indian subcontinent.In the southern, eastern and northeastern states of India, Vijayadashami marks the end of Durga Puja, remembering goddess Durga's victory over the buffalo demon Mahishasura to help restore dharma.[3][8] In the northern and western states.In these regions, it marks the end of "Ramlila" and remembers God Rama's victory over the Ravana. On the very same occasion; Arjuna alone defeated entire Kaurava army consisting of 100,000s of soldiers, Bhishma, Drona, Karna, Ashwatthama, Kripa, Duryodhana, Dushyasana, Shakuni etc. - there by significantly quoting a natural example of victory of Good (Dharma) over evil (Adharma). Alternatively it marks a reverence for one of the aspects of goddess Devi such as Durga or Saraswati

Ramayan


Ravana kidnapped Sita. To free her; Rama requested Ravana to release her but situation became worse & led to the war. After performing severe penance for ten thousand years he received a boon from the creator-god Brahma: he could henceforth not be killed by gods, demons, or spirits. Lord Vishnu incarnates as the human Rama to defeat and kill him, thus circumventing the boon given by Lord Brahma. A deadly and fierceful battle takes place between Rama & Ravana in which finally Rama kills Ravana and ends the evil rule. Finally Dharma was established on the Earth because of Rama's victory over Ravana. Thus this festival is celebrated reminding the victories of Good over Evil.

Mahabharat


The Mahabharata is another series of Hindu stories that play a role in the Dussehra festival. The Pandavas were five brothers who fought evil forces with a set of distinctive weapons. They then worshipped the tree before going to a battle, which they won. This epic is also commemorated during Dussehra.In the Mahabharata, the Pandavas are known to have spent their thirteenth year of exile in disguise in the kingdom of Virata. Before going to Virata, Bhima kills Kichaka. Hearing about the death of Kichaka, A host of Kaurava warriors attacks virata. When he sees the Kaurava army. Then Arjuna reveals his identity and those of his brothers'. Arjuna takes Uttar to the tree where the Pandavas hid their weapons. Arjuna picks up his Gandiva after worshipping the tree as Shami tree safeguarded the Pandavas’ weapons for that complete year. Dispute chats takes place between Karna and arjun.Then Arjuna arrives the battle field.]Eager to defend the land that had given him refuge. The battle starts between Arjuna & entire Kuru Army. All the warriors including Bhishma, Drona, Karna, Kripa and Ashwathama together attacked Arjuna to kill him but Arjuna defeated all of them multiple times. .  Arjuna alone defeated entire Kuru army consisting of 100,000s of soldiers, Maharathis: Bhishma, Drona, Karna ; Atirathis: Kripa, Ashwatthama. One of the names of Arjuna is Vijaya- ever victorious. This incident took place on the same day in which Lord Rama killed Ravana. As it was Arjuna’s

What Do People Do?


There are many local celebrations in some areas in India that can last for up to 10 days. Local events include:

  • Performances of the Ramlila (a short version of the epic Ramayana) in Northern India.
  • A large festival and procession including the goddess Chamundeshwari on a throne mounted on elephants in the town of Mysore in the state of Karnataka.
  • The blessing of household and work-related tools, such as books, computers, cooking pans and vehicles in the state of Karnataka.
  • The preparation of special foods, including luchi (deep fried flat bread) and alur dom (deep fried spiced potato snacks), in Bengal.

  • day; the day also became popular as “VIJAYA DASHAMI”.

Northern India



Dasara is observed with the burning of Ravana effigies and the performance of Ramleela.

In most of northern and western India, Dasha-Hara (literally, "ten days") is celebrated in honour of Rama. Thousands of drama-dance-music plays based on the Ramayana and Ramcharitmanas (Ramlila) are performed at outdoor fairs across the land and in temporarily built staging grounds featuring effigies of the demons Ravana, Kumbhakarna and Meghanada.. In many places, the "Rama Lila", or the brief version of the story of Rama, Sita and Laksham. In many parts of India, the audience and villagers join in and participate spontaneously, some helping the artists, others helping with stage setup, make-up, effigies and lights.These arts come to a close on the night of Dussehra, when the victory of Rama is celebrated by burning the effigies of evil, Ravana and his colleagues. The effigies are burnt on bonfires in the evening of Vijayadashami-Dussehra. While Dussehra is observed on the same day across India, the festivities leading to it vary



.

Southern India



The city of Mysore has traditionally been a major center of Dasara-Vijayadashami celebrations.

Vijayadasami is celebrated in a variety of ways in South India.Celebrations range from worshipping Durga, lighting up temples and major forts such as at Mysore, to displaying colorful figurines, known as a golu.

The festival played a historical role in the 14th-century Vijayanagara Empire, where it was called Mahanavami. The event revered Durga as the warrior goddess (some texts refer to her as Chamundeshwari). The celebrations hosted athletic competitions, singing and dancing, fireworks, a pageantry military parade and charitable giving to the public.

ther significant and notable tradition of several South Indian regions has been the dedication of this festival to Saraswati, the Hindu goddess of knowledge, learning, music and arts. She is worshipped, along with instruments of one's trade during this festival. In South India, people maintain, clean and worship their instruments, tools of work and implements of their livelihood during this festival, remembering Goddess Saraswati and Durga.

In Maharashtra, the deities installed on the first day of Navratri are immersed in water. Observers visit each other and exchange sweets.


Western India


In Gujarat, both goddess Durga and god Rama are revered for their victory over evil. Fasting and prayers at temples are common. A regional dance called Dandiya Raas, that deploys colorfully decorated sticks, and Garba that is dancing in traditional dress is a part of the festivities through the night.


In Mewar region of Rajasthan, both Durga and Rama have been celebrated on Vijayadashami, and it has been a major festival for Rajput warriors.

The Gondi people instead celebrate Ravana by carrying an image of him riding an elephant and singing praises to him, as they consider Ravana as their ancestor and one of their gods.

Durga image is immersed into river on Vijayadashami in eastern regions of the Indian subcontinent.

Eastern India


Vijaya Dasami is observed as Bijoya Dashomi, immediately after the day of Dashomi or the tenth day of Nabaratri, marked by a great procession where the clay statues are ceremoniously walked to a river or ocean coast for a solemn goodbye to Durga. Many mark their faces with vermilion (sindoor) or wear some red clothing. It is an emotional day for some devotees, even for many atheist Bengalis as the congregation sings emotional goodbye songs.When the procession reaches the water, Durga is immersed, the clay dissolves, and she is believed to return to Mount Kailasha with Shiva and to the cosmos in general. People distribute sweets and gifts, visit their friends and family members.Some communities such as those near Varanasi mark the eleventh day, called ekadashi, by visiting a Durga temple.

Nepal


Youngsters greet elders and seek blessings on Dashain (Dashami) among the Hindu community in Nepal and Himalayan regions.

In Nepal, Vijayadashami follows the festival of Dashain. Youngsters visit the elders in their family, distant ones come to their native homes, and students visit their school teachers. The elders and teachers welcome the youngsters, mark their foreheads with Tilak and bless them. The family reveres the Hindu goddess of wealth Lakshmi, hoping for virtuous success and prosperity in the year ahead.[





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8 Most Interesting and Unknown Facts about Dussehra


1). It is said that the first grand celebration of Dussehra took place at some time in the 17th century at eth behest of the King of Mysore.

2). The festival is not only celebrated in India but also in neighboring countries like Bangladesh and Nepal. It is also marked as a national holiday in Malaysia.

3). Another interesting and unknown fact about Dussehra is that it marks the change of season, as the hot summer comes to an end, making way for cool and pleasant winter season. It also marks the time of harvesting the crops of kharif and the new beginning to plant rabi crop after Diwali.

4). Dussehra is also known by the name of Vijayadashmi, which means the victory on the tenth day. It signifies the victory of Goddess Durga over the demon called Mahishasura, who was killed by the Goddess on the tenth day of the lunar calendar. Mahishasura was the king of the asuras or demons who became very powerful and tortured the innocent people. At that time, Shakti was created by combining the powers of Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh. A battle waged between the demon and Shakti and it ended on the tenth day when the Goddess killed him.

5). Dussehra is celebrated on the conclusion of the Durga Puja festival, which falls on the tenth day. According to the legend, Goddess Durga visits her maika during Durga Puja and she goes back to her home on Dussehra. Her devotees immerse the idol of Goddess Durga in water to bid farewell to her.

6). The effigy of Ravana is the custom of celebration of this festival as it stands for killing all the evils of the soul, which are represented by the ten heads of Ravana. Each of his head stands for an evil, kama stands for lust, krodha for anger, moha for attachment, lobh for greed, mada for pride, swarth for selfishness, matsara for jealousy, ahankara for ego, amanavta for lack of humanity and anyaya for injustice.

7). Dussehra signifies the power of both, Lord Rama and Goddess Durga as it was the Goddess who told Lord Rama about the secret of killing the demon king, Ravana.

8). Another belief about Dussehra is that Emperor Ashoka converted to Buddhism on this day. On the same day, Dr Ambedkar also converted himself to the Buddhist religion.

Workers busy in making effigies of the evil king Ravana at a workshop ahead of Dussehra festival in Nagpur, Maharashtra. (Photo: PTI)
Following Navaratri, Dussehra (Dasara in some places) sees various effigies of Ravana being burned to commemorate the occasion and Ramlilas, that dramatise parts of the Ramayana, being staged.:

Symbols

Symbols seen throughout the Dussehra/Vijaya Dashami celebrations include:

  • Bonfires and fireworks
  • Paper and wood effigies of Ravana.
  • Red spots (tika) painted on people's foreheads.

The effigies of Ravana are often burnt on the bonfires.


 

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